New feature: selected Bulletin content is now appearing in Russian and Chinese.
In the Bulletin series, Primary Health Care: 30 years on, Gail Reed reports from Havana on how primary health care has been an essential part of Cuba’s health system since the 1960s.
Dear reader,
This month’s special theme is prevention and control of childhood pneumonia. This theme ties in with the cover poster, which highlights the health of newborn babies.
Brian Greenwood introduces this special issue, in an editorial, with an overview of the action that is needed across the globe to prevent and control childhood pneumonia. The burden of pneumonia among HIV-infected children is under particular scrutiny, with an editorial by Prakash Mohan Jeena and a report from South Africa. In that report, Claire Keeton looks at how HIV is driving child pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa.
In an interview, Tabish Hazir explains why pneumonia is the number one killer of Pakistan’s children less than five years of age. Theresa Braine reports on the controversial funding mechanism considered to be a possible solution in the global struggle for funds to fight pneumonia.
Karin Källander et al. investigate fatal pneumonia cases among children less than five years old in rural Uganda to determine why they died. Penny Dawson et al. demonstrate how community-based management of childhood pneumonia can be effective in resource-limited settings, such as Nepal.
Penny Enarson et al. describe the successful implementation of oxygen concentrators in paediatric wards in all district hospitals in Malawi, a low-income country.
Igor Rudan et al. examine global statistics on childhood pneumonia and provide details on the main risk factors. Stephen M Graham et al. examine current pneumonia case-management guidelines and propose improvements in a variety of resource-limited settings among different at-risk groups.
David R Marsh et al. assess current policies and plans for the community case management of pneumonia in 57 high-risk countries. Daniel E Roth et al. suggest some nutritional interventions that may help reduce the burden of childhood pneumonia.
Shabir A Madhi et al. discuss advances made in the use of both established and newer conjugate vaccines in reducing childhood pneumonia morbidity and mortality. A review by Frank DeStefano et al. did not identify major safety problems with use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.
Mukesh Dherani et al. demonstrate an increased risk of pneumonia among young children exposed to indoor air pollution from unprocessed solid fuels. Interventions to improve child survival from pneumonia don’t always reach those in greatest need, according to E K Mulholland et al.
Volume 86, Number 5, May 2008, 321-416
IN THIS MONTH’S BULLETIN
WHO 60th anniversary commemorative volume; Primary health care revolution; Number one killer; Twenty years’ experience; Seeking care too late; Making oxygen available; A lethal combination; Who is at risk and why?; Is the vaccine safe?; Case management at tipping point; Nutrition and pneumonia; Vaccines improve child survival; Antibiotics, oxygen and training; Indoor air pollution; Advances increase inequity
Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 267kb]
EDITORIALS
A global action plan for the prevention and control of pneumonia
- Brian Greenwood
doi: 10.2471/BLT.08.053348
Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 168kb]
Can the burden of pneumonia among HIV-infected children be reduced?
- Prakash Mohan Jeena
doi: 10.2471/BLT.08.053223
Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 181kb]
NEWS
HIV drives children’s pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa
Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 229kb]
Controversial funding mechanism to fight pneumonia
Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 104kb]
Cuba’s primary health care revolution: 30 years on
Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 476kb]
An interview with Tabish Hazir: Pneumonia: No. 1 killer of Pakistan’s children.
Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 150kb]
Recent news from WHO
Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 137kb]
RESEARCH
Delayed care seeking for fatal pneumonia in children aged under five years in Uganda: a case-series study
- Karin Källander et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.049353
Abstract [HTML] | Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 549kb]
LESSONS FROM THE FIELD
From research to national expansion: 20 years’ experience of community-based management of childhood pneumonia in Nepal
- P Dawson et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.047688
Abstract [HTML] | Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 320kb]
Implementation of an oxygen concentrator system in district hospital paediatric wards throughout Malawi
- Penny Enarson et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.048017
Abstract [HTML] | Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 343kb]
PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS
Challenges to improving case management of childhood pneumonia at health facilities in resource-limited settings
- Stephen M Graham et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.048512
Abstract [HTML] | Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 546kb]
Acute lower respiratory infections in childhood: opportunities for reducing the global burden through nutritional interventions
- Daniel E Roth et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.049114
Abstract [HTML] | Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 739kb]
Vaccines to prevent pneumonia and improve child survival
- Shabir A Madhi et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.044503
Abstract [HTML] | Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 921kb]
Safety profile of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: systematic review of pre- and post-licensure data
- Frank DeStefano et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.048025
Abstract [HTML] | Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 688kb]
Community case management of pneumonia: at a tipping point?
- David R Marsh et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.048462
Abstract [HTML] | Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 744kb]
Indoor air pollution from unprocessed solid fuel use and pneumonia risk in children aged under five years: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Mukesh Dherani et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.044529
Abstract [HTML] | Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 858kb]
Equity and child-survival strategies
- EK Mulholland et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.044545
Abstract [HTML] | Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 716kb]
Epidemiology and etiology of childhood pneumonia
- Igor Rudan et al.
doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.048769
Abstract [HTML] | Full article text [HTML] | Full article text [pdf 2.34Mb]
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